Improvement in lamp-shades



G. H. OHINNOOK.

Lamp Shade.

No. 202,232. Patented April 9,1878.

N, PETERS, PHQTD LITHOGRAPHE6L WASMNGTOM, D C

improvements.

UNITED STATES PATENT OEEIcE.

GEORGE H. OHINNOOK, OF BROOKLYN, NEW YORK.

IMPROVEMENT IN LAM P-SHADES.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 202,232, dated April 9, 1878; application filed February 17, 1c77.

To all'whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, GEORGE H. OErNN ooK, of Brooklyn, county of Kings, and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Means for Illumination, of which the following is a description These improvements relate to holders or bases for shades and means employed to induce a draft of air to a flame, made of translucent or transparent material, offering no obstruction to the light.

They consist in such a holder or base having a flaring body, a lip or outwardly-projecting portion at the bottom for attachment to a lamp-burner, and an inwardly-extendin g flange at the top, provided with devices made of translucent or transparent material for interlocking with a shade supported thereon, whereby a very superior article is obtained.

The accompanying drawing illustrates my improvements in connection with a lampburner.

Figure 1 is a side view of a lamp-burner, partly in section, and a central vertical section of a shade-holder and shade embodying my Fig. 2 is a plan or top view of portions of the shade-holder and shade, and illustrating the interlocking devices before referred to; and Fig. 3 is a central vertical section of a shade-holder of slightly-modified form and a portion of a shade embodying some of my improvements.

Similar letters of reference designate corresponding parts in all the figures.

Referring first to Figs. 1 and 2, A, Fig. 1, designates a lamp-burner, having a gallery, B, provided at the outer edge with fingers for holding in place any device supported thereby. One or more of the said fingers (designated by the letter C) extend inward to grasp and hold down any part of the device supported on the gallery, which may be inserted below them; and opposite such fingers is an inwardly-projecting device, shown as consisting of a screw, D, which may be adjusted inward to grasp and hold down the opposite portion of the part secured by said fingers, whereby facility is afforded for inserting the same under the said fingers, and afterward securing it properly. A spring-catch may be used instead of the screw.

E designates a holder or base for a shade, employed in this embodiment of my invention as the means for inducing to a flame issuing from the burner the air necessary to support combustion. Before describing it, I premise that it may with good results also be used to support a shade when another device, such as a chimney, is used to induce air to the flame.

This holder or base is intended to be made of translucent or transparent material, such, for instance, as glass, or, in other words, material through which light from the'flame may be eradiatechwith little or no obstruction, or through which it may be eradiated less perfectly, in order to soften and more uniformly disseminate the light. It is made of a flaring form, preferably withoutinterruption from at or near the bottom to at or near the top. In bold outline it is represented as having a straight,

in contradistinction to a curved, flare; but in dotted outline, Fig. 1, LV have illustrated that it may have a curved convex or concave flare.

A holder or base so made has many advantages over one made otherwise. It is very strong, may be easily and cheaply made, and light reflected from the shade downward, as indicated by the dotted lines having arrowheads, will pass without obstruction or deflection through such a holder or base to the place where needed; whereas, in passing through a holder or base consisting of a tubular portion and a flange extending outward therefrom opposite the flame, the rays, especially at the junction of these two parts, and particularly when in a holder or base made of a poor quality of glass, are seriously obstructed, and are deflected or turned aside so as to be shed where least desired, wherefore a due economy in the illuminating devices on which they are used is not secured.

Preferably the holder or base E, at or near the bottom, is provided with a lip or an outwardly-projecting portion, a, or, in lieu thereof, is made diametrically larger at or near the bottom than a short distance above the same, so that the fingers O, screw D, or springcatch, or equivalent devices adapted to overlap the same, may be used to securely retain the holder or base in place. The holder or base may be adapted to be otherwise secured in place, if preferable.

The holder or base is shown as having at the top an inwardly-turned horizontally-extending flange, 6, adapted to support the offset 0 of the shade G, but of such size as to allow the base-rim 01 thereof to extend within the said holder or base. This is very advantageous, as it affords the shade a stable hearing and an extensive lap-joint between it and the holder or base, preventing air from entering between them, as it might otherwise do, and, when a chimney is dispensed with, impair the quality of the flame and cause it to smoke or crack the shade by unequally heating it. It is evident that this joint is rendered more effective from the extension of the rim d of the shade into the holder or base, because additional security against the entrance of air is obtained. To add to this security still more, the holder or base may be provided with a wind-guard, 0, shown in dotted outline, projecting up outside the bottom portion of the shade.

To secure a shade or means for inducing a draft of air to a flame against accidental displacement, I prefer to combine it and the holder or base, so that they may be interlocked positively together. I have illustrated an example of this in detail in Fig. 2. The flange b of the holder or base is there shown as provided with openings or notches f, and the shade with tongues or projections 9, adapted to be inserted through said openings or notches and turned under the flange b to secure the parts together. If the rim d of the shade were properly slotted, and the flange I) of the holder or base provided with tongues or projections, this result might be effected in a different manner.

Referring now to Fig. 3, the holder or base E is shown as having an upwardly-turned rim, h, which supports the offset 0 of the shade G, and Within which fits the base-rim d of the shade. This holder or base may also have a wind-guard overlapping the bottom portion of the shade, if desirable. The shade is shown as having a projection, t, interlocking with a slot, j, in the holder, to secure it thereto. These devices will preferably be duplicated to insure the proper fastening of the shade in place.

What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. A translucent or transparent holder or base having a flaring body, a lip or outwardlyprojecting portion at the bottom for attachment to a lamp-burner, and an inwardly-ex tending flange at the top, provided with devices made of translucent or transparent material for interlocking with a shade supported thereon, substantially as and for the purposes specified.

2. The combination of a translucent or transparent holder or base and a shade or other device supported thereby, both provided with interlocking parts made of translucent or transparent material, substantially as de scribed, whereby, without occasioning any shadows, the said devices may be secured together and separated at pleasure.

GEO. H. OHINNOGK.

Witnesses:

CHANDLER HALL, THOMAS E. BIRCH. 

